Financing and Business Models for FSSM: A Landscape Study of Four Indian States

These reports are based on a study of 'Financing of Faecal Sludge and Septage Management (FSSM) in Urban Areas' covering four states of Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Tamil Nadu. The study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. The study has identified FSSM financing requirements and potential sources of financing for capital and operating expenditure. It also examined the important role of public finance in supporting and/or leveraging finance for provision of FSSM services. A number of innovative finance options to leverage additional resources are also discussed.n Business models study explores private sector engagement in FSSM in both conveyance and treatment and different business models are reviewed. It identifies a number of prototypes for FSSM services. Measures for their sustainable adoption and use are also discussed.

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Business models for FSSM: A landscape study of four Indian states

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Financing and business models for FSSM an executive summary on the landscape study of four Indian states

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Financing FSSM: A Landscape Study of Four Indian States

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